Merge pull request #723 from Zerotask/update-exercises-readme
docs(exercises): consistent excersises README.md files
This commit is contained in:
commit
2b2fbe918e
@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
|
|||||||
### Clippy
|
# Clippy
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The Clippy tool is a collection of lints to analyze your code so you can catch common mistakes and improve your Rust code.
|
The Clippy tool is a collection of lints to analyze your code so you can catch common mistakes and improve your Rust code.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
If you used the installation script for Rustlings, Clippy should be already installed.
|
If you used the installation script for Rustlings, Clippy should be already installed.
|
||||||
If not you can install it manually via `rustup component add clippy`.
|
If not you can install it manually via `rustup component add clippy`.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
For more information about Clippy lints, please see [their documentation page](https://rust-lang.github.io/rust-clippy/master/).
|
## Further information
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- [GitHub Repository](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-clippy).
|
||||||
|
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
|
|||||||
### Collections
|
# Collections
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Rust’s standard library includes a number of very useful data
|
Rust’s standard library includes a number of very useful data
|
||||||
structures called collections. Most other data types represent one
|
structures called collections. Most other data types represent one
|
||||||
@ -17,4 +17,6 @@ structures that are used very often in Rust programs:
|
|||||||
You may also know this by the names [*unordered map* in C++](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/unordered_map),
|
You may also know this by the names [*unordered map* in C++](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/unordered_map),
|
||||||
[*dictionary* in Python](https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/datastructures.html#dictionaries) or an *associative array* in other languages.
|
[*dictionary* in Python](https://docs.python.org/3/tutorial/datastructures.html#dictionaries) or an *associative array* in other languages.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
[Rust book chapter](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/book/ch08-01-vectors.html)
|
## Further information
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- [Storing Lists of Values with Vectors](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/book/ch08-01-vectors.html)
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
|
|||||||
### Type conversions
|
# Type conversions
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Rust offers a multitude of ways to convert a value of a given type into another type.
|
Rust offers a multitude of ways to convert a value of a given type into another type.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -15,6 +14,8 @@ Furthermore, the `std::str` module offers a trait called [`FromStr`](https://doc
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
These should be the main ways ***within the standard library*** to convert data into your desired types.
|
These should be the main ways ***within the standard library*** to convert data into your desired types.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
#### Book Sections
|
## Further information
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
These are not directly covered in the book, but the standard library has great documentation for [conversions here](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/index.html). The `FromStr` trait is also covered [here](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/str/trait.FromStr.html).
|
These are not directly covered in the book, but the standard library has a great documentation for it.
|
||||||
|
- [conversions](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/index.html)
|
||||||
|
- [`FromStr` trait](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/str/trait.FromStr.html)
|
@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
|
|||||||
### Enums
|
# Enums
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Rust allows you to define types called "enums" which enumerate possible values.
|
Rust allows you to define types called "enums" which enumerate possible values.
|
||||||
Enums are a feature in many languages, but their capabilities differ in each language. Rust’s enums are most similar to algebraic data types in functional languages, such as F#, OCaml, and Haskell.
|
Enums are a feature in many languages, but their capabilities differ in each language. Rust’s enums are most similar to algebraic data types in functional languages, such as F#, OCaml, and Haskell.
|
||||||
Useful in combination with enums is Rust's "pattern matching" facility, which makes it easy to run different code for different values of an enumeration.
|
Useful in combination with enums is Rust's "pattern matching" facility, which makes it easy to run different code for different values of an enumeration.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
#### Book Sections
|
## Further information
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- [Enums](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch06-00-enums.html)
|
- [Enums](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch06-00-enums.html)
|
||||||
- [Pattern syntax](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch18-03-pattern-syntax.html)
|
- [Pattern syntax](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch18-03-pattern-syntax.html)
|
||||||
|
@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
|
|||||||
For this exercise check out the sections:
|
# Error handling
|
||||||
|
Most errors aren’t serious enough to require the program to stop entirely.
|
||||||
|
Sometimes, when a function fails, it’s for a reason that you can easily interpret and respond to.
|
||||||
|
For example, if you try to open a file and that operation fails because the file doesn’t exist, you might want to create the file instead of terminating the process.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Further information
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- [Error Handling](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch09-02-recoverable-errors-with-result.html)
|
- [Error Handling](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch09-02-recoverable-errors-with-result.html)
|
||||||
- [Generics](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch10-01-syntax.html)
|
- [Generics](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch10-01-syntax.html)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
of the Rust Book.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
or alternatively, check out the sections:
|
|
||||||
- [Result](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/error/result.html)
|
- [Result](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/error/result.html)
|
||||||
- [Boxing errors](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/error/multiple_error_types/boxing_errors.html)
|
- [Boxing errors](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/error/multiple_error_types/boxing_errors.html)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
of the Rust By Example Book.
|
|
||||||
|
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
|||||||
### Functions
|
# Functions
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Here, you'll learn how to write functions and how Rust's compiler can trace things way back.
|
Here, you'll learn how to write functions and how Rust's compiler can trace things way back.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
#### Book Sections
|
## Further information
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- [How Functions Work](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch03-03-how-functions-work.html)
|
- [How Functions Work](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch03-03-how-functions-work.html)
|
||||||
|
@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
|
|||||||
### Generics
|
# Generics
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
In this section you'll learn about saving yourself many lines of code with generics!
|
Generics is the topic of generalizing types and functionalities to broader cases.
|
||||||
|
This is extremely useful for reducing code duplication in many ways, but can call for rather involving syntax.
|
||||||
|
Namely, being generic requires taking great care to specify over which types a generic type is actually considered valid.
|
||||||
|
The simplest and most common use of generics is for type parameters.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
### Book Sections
|
## Further information
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- [Generic Data Types](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/book/ch10-01-syntax.html)
|
- [Generic Data Types](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/book/ch10-01-syntax.html)
|
||||||
- [Bounds](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/generics/bounds.html)
|
- [Bounds](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/generics/bounds.html)
|
||||||
|
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
|||||||
### If
|
# If
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
`if`, the most basic type of control flow, is what you'll learn here.
|
`if`, the most basic type of control flow, is what you'll learn here.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
#### Book Sections
|
## Further information
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- [Control Flow - if expressions](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch03-05-control-flow.html#if-expressions)
|
- [Control Flow - if expressions](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch03-05-control-flow.html#if-expressions)
|
||||||
|
@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
|
|||||||
### Macros
|
# Macros
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Rust's macro system is very powerful, but also kind of difficult to wrap your
|
Rust's macro system is very powerful, but also kind of difficult to wrap your
|
||||||
head around. We're not going to teach you how to write your own fully-featured
|
head around. We're not going to teach you how to write your own fully-featured
|
||||||
macros. Instead, we'll show you how to use and create them.
|
macros. Instead, we'll show you how to use and create them.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
#### Book Sections
|
## Further information
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- [Macros](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch19-06-macros.html)
|
- [Macros](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch19-06-macros.html)
|
||||||
- [The Little Book of Rust Macros](https://danielkeep.github.io/tlborm/book/index.html)
|
- [The Little Book of Rust Macros](https://danielkeep.github.io/tlborm/book/index.html)
|
||||||
|
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
|||||||
### Modules
|
# Modules
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
In this section we'll give you an introduction to Rust's module system.
|
In this section we'll give you an introduction to Rust's module system.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
#### Book Sections
|
## Further information
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- [The Module System](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch07-02-defining-modules-to-control-scope-and-privacy.html)
|
- [The Module System](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch07-02-defining-modules-to-control-scope-and-privacy.html)
|
||||||
|
@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
|
|||||||
### Move Semantics
|
# Move Semantics
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
These exercises are adapted from [pnkfelix](https://github.com/pnkfelix)'s [Rust Tutorial](https://pnkfelix.github.io/rust-examples-icfp2014/) -- Thank you Felix!!!
|
These exercises are adapted from [pnkfelix](https://github.com/pnkfelix)'s [Rust Tutorial](https://pnkfelix.github.io/rust-examples-icfp2014/) -- Thank you Felix!!!
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
#### Book Sections
|
## Further information
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
For this section, the book links are especially important.
|
For this section, the book links are especially important.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
@ -1,8 +1,17 @@
|
|||||||
### Option
|
# Option
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
#### Book Sections
|
Type Option represents an optional value: every Option is either Some and contains a value, or None, and does not.
|
||||||
|
Option types are very common in Rust code, as they have a number of uses:
|
||||||
|
- Initial values
|
||||||
|
- Return values for functions that are not defined over their entire input range (partial functions)
|
||||||
|
- Return value for otherwise reporting simple errors, where None is returned on error
|
||||||
|
- Optional struct fields
|
||||||
|
- Struct fields that can be loaned or "taken"
|
||||||
|
- Optional function arguments
|
||||||
|
- Nullable pointers
|
||||||
|
- Swapping things out of difficult situations
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
To learn about Option<T>, check out these links:
|
## Further Information
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- [Option Enum Format](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/book/ch10-01-syntax.html#in-enum-definitions)
|
- [Option Enum Format](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/book/ch10-01-syntax.html#in-enum-definitions)
|
||||||
- [Option Module Documentation](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/option/)
|
- [Option Module Documentation](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/option/)
|
||||||
|
@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
|
|||||||
### Primitive Types
|
# Primitive Types
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Rust has a couple of basic types that are directly implemented into the
|
Rust has a couple of basic types that are directly implemented into the
|
||||||
compiler. In this section, we'll go through the most important ones.
|
compiler. In this section, we'll go through the most important ones.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
#### Book Sections
|
## Further information
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- [Data Types](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/book/ch03-02-data-types.html)
|
- [Data Types](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/book/ch03-02-data-types.html)
|
||||||
- [The Slice Type](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/book/ch04-03-slices.html)
|
- [The Slice Type](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/book/ch04-03-slices.html)
|
||||||
|
@ -1,5 +1,10 @@
|
|||||||
For the Box exercise check out the chapter [Using Box to Point to Data on the Heap](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch15-01-box.html).
|
# Standard library types
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
For the Arc exercise check out the chapter [Shared-State Concurrency](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch16-03-shared-state.html) of the Rust Book.
|
This section will teach you about Box, Shared-State Concurrency and Iterators.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
For the Iterator exercise check out the chapters [Iterator](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch13-02-iterators.html) of the Rust Book and the [Iterator documentation](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/iter/).
|
## Further information
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- [Using Box to Point to Data on the Heap](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch15-01-box.html)
|
||||||
|
- [Shared-State Concurrency](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch16-03-shared-state.html)
|
||||||
|
- [Iterator](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch13-02-iterators.html)
|
||||||
|
- [Iterator documentation](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/iter/)
|
||||||
|
@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
|
|||||||
### Strings
|
# Strings
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Rust has two string types, a string slice (`&str`) and an owned string (`String`).
|
Rust has two string types, a string slice (`&str`) and an owned string (`String`).
|
||||||
We're not going to dictate when you should use which one, but we'll show you how
|
We're not going to dictate when you should use which one, but we'll show you how
|
||||||
to identify and create them, as well as use them.
|
to identify and create them, as well as use them.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
#### Book Sections
|
## Further information
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- [Strings](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch08-02-strings.html)
|
- [Strings](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch08-02-strings.html)
|
||||||
|
@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
|
|||||||
### Structs
|
# Structs
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Rust has three struct types: a classic C struct, a tuple struct, and a unit struct.
|
Rust has three struct types: a classic C struct, a tuple struct, and a unit struct.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
#### Book Sections
|
## Further information
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- [Structures](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch05-01-defining-structs.html)
|
- [Structures](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch05-01-defining-structs.html)
|
||||||
- [Method Syntax](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch05-03-method-syntax.html)
|
- [Method Syntax](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch05-03-method-syntax.html)
|
||||||
|
@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
|
|||||||
### Tests
|
# Tests
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Going out of order from the book to cover tests -- many of the following exercises will ask you to make tests pass!
|
Going out of order from the book to cover tests -- many of the following exercises will ask you to make tests pass!
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
#### Book Sections
|
## Further information
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- [Writing Tests](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch11-01-writing-tests.html)
|
- [Writing Tests](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch11-01-writing-tests.html)
|
||||||
|
@ -1 +1,9 @@
|
|||||||
For this exercise check out the [Dining Philosophers example](https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.4.0/book/dining-philosophers.html) and the chapter [Concurrency](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch16-01-threads.html) of the Rust Book.
|
# Threads
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
In most current operating systems, an executed program’s code is run in a process, and the operating system manages multiple processes at once.
|
||||||
|
Within your program, you can also have independent parts that run simultaneously. The features that run these independent parts are called threads.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Further information
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
- [Dining Philosophers example](https://doc.rust-lang.org/1.4.0/book/dining-philosophers.html)
|
||||||
|
- [Using Threads to Run Code Simultaneously](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch16-01-threads.html)
|
||||||
|
@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
|
|||||||
### Traits
|
# Traits
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
A trait is a collection of methods.
|
A trait is a collection of methods.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
@ -7,14 +7,13 @@ Data types can implement traits. To do so, the methods making up the trait are d
|
|||||||
In this way, traits are somewhat similar to Java interfaces and C++ abstract classes.
|
In this way, traits are somewhat similar to Java interfaces and C++ abstract classes.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Some additional common Rust traits include:
|
Some additional common Rust traits include:
|
||||||
|
- `Clone` (the `clone` method)
|
||||||
+ `Clone` (the `clone` method),
|
- `Display` (which allows formatted display via `{}`)
|
||||||
+ `Display` (which allows formatted display via `{}`), and
|
- `Debug` (which allows formatted display via `{:?}`)
|
||||||
+ `Debug` (which allows formatted display via `{:?}`).
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Because traits indicate shared behavior between data types, they are useful when writing generics.
|
Because traits indicate shared behavior between data types, they are useful when writing generics.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
#### Book Sections
|
## Further information
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- [Traits](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch10-02-traits.html)
|
- [Traits](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch10-02-traits.html)
|
||||||
|
@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
|
|||||||
### Variables
|
# Variables
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Here you'll learn about simple variables.
|
In Rust, variables are immutable by default.
|
||||||
|
When a variable is immutable, once a value is bound to a name, you can’t change that value.
|
||||||
|
You can make them mutable by adding mut in front of the variable name.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
#### Book Sections
|
## Further information
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- [Variables and Mutability](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch03-01-variables-and-mutability.html)
|
- [Variables and Mutability](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch03-01-variables-and-mutability.html)
|
||||||
|
Reference in New Issue
Block a user